The influx of European settlers, even in small numbers, galvanized the Ottoman government also to move to increase the Muslim dominance in the population. The sultan purchased some lands in his own name and brought in Muslim settlers from places as diverse as Algeria, Egypt, Bosnia, and the Caucasus. If it were to develop into a demographic war, th

Many invaders brought new cohorts of settlers, thereby adding new strata of population. For example, after Egypt’s conquest of Palestine in 1831, 6,000 Egyptian peasants moved to Palestine. Significantly, they maintained a cultural distinctiveness across nearly two centuries. The German Philip Baldensperger, a long-time resident of Palestine, obs

Famously, Jewish immigration to the Land of Israel, called aliyah, is centuries old and took on an organized form in 1882. Described as “the central goal of the State of Israel” (in the words of Prime Minister Ariel Sharon), it provides the demographic basis on which the entire Zionist enterprise rests. Both very public and highly controversia

between the two nations remains minimal. In the context of a rapidly evolving global economy, both countries need to prioritize partnerships in areas such as the digital economy, fintech, and renewable energy. However, bureaucratic red tape, a lack of information-sharing mechanisms, and the absence of technology transfer agreements have slowed prog

through tourism have provided platforms for greater people-to-people contact. However, despite the positive intentions expressed in these frameworks, tangible outcomes have been slow to materialize, especially in economic partnerships Current Problems in Indonesia-Colombia Relations While the bilateral relationship between Indonesia and Colombia ha